The CIA's secret operations in Laos during the Vietnam War were extensive. The agency set up covert bases and organized local fighters against communist forces. One significant base was Long Tieng, also known as Lima Site 85. This top-secret U.S. base, located on a mountaintop in Laos, was overrun by Vietnamese commandos in 1968.
The CIA's involvement in CIA operations in Laos began in the 1950s, with substantial activity starting in 1959. During this time, U.S. Special Operations Forces trained Laotian soldiers in unconventional warfare. The CIA specifically worked with the Hmong people to combat the North Vietnamese-backed Pathet Lao.
Air America, a CIA-owned airline, was crucial to these CIA operations in Laos. It provided logistical support and carried out secret missions. Although Laos eventually fell to the Communists, the CIA considered its efforts successful. The base at Long Tieng became a stronghold for the Hmong fighters and their CIA allies.